Amakuru

Iyo usubije amaso inyuma ukareba uko ibintu byifashe muri rusange mu mwaka ushize, ubukungu bwifashe nabi, kugenzura macro, kandi imbogamizi z’amafaranga zirakomeye;isoko ku isoko ntabwo ryiyongereye ku buryo bugaragara;hamwe n’ubukungu bwifashe nabi ku isi, hamwe n’ibindi bihugu bikurikiza politiki yo kurengera ubucuruzi n’ibindi bibazo, ibyuma byose birakomeye.Imirimo ya firime itangira kubabara.Icyakora, twatewe inkunga na Kongere y’igihugu ya 18 y’ishyaka rya gikomunisiti ry’Ubushinwa, twashyize ingufu mu kwihutisha udushya no guhindura imiterere, dukomeza guteza imbere imirimo itandukanye kandi dushimangira iterambere.

01 Isubiramo ry'imirimo yihuta y'Ubushinwa mu myaka 10 ishize

Mu myaka 10 ishize, umurimo wihuta wigihugu cyanjye umaze imyaka irenga 10.Umusaruro wihuse wageze kuri toni miliyoni 6,6 muri 2012, wikubye inshuro 3,3 toni miliyoni 2 muri 2001. Muri 2012, amafaranga yagurishijwe yinjije miliyari 65, ugereranije na miliyari 52.5 mu 2001. Ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga muri 2012 byari toni miliyoni 24.64, inshuro 47 toni miliyoni 52.08 muri 2001. Amafaranga yinjira mu mahanga ava mu mahanga ni miliyari 4.512 z'amadolari y'Amerika, akaba akubye inshuro 917 ayo muri miliyoni 492 z'amadolari ya Amerika.

02 2012 Ibikorwa byihuta muri Aziya

Imirimo yihuse yahindutse cyane mumyaka icumi.Kugeza ubu, ibigo birenga 95% byihuta byahinduwe mubigabane cyangwa ibigo byigenga.Ibikorwa byabo byongerewe imbaraga kandi umubare wubucuruzi wiyongereye cyane.Mu gihugu hose hari imishinga irenga 4000 iteganijwe.Hamwe noguhindura imiterere yibicuruzwa no kuzamura ubushobozi bwumusaruro, umusaruro wibifunga wabaye uwambere kwisi, kandi ubukana bwinjiza bwakazi bwarushijeho kwiyongera, bituma butanga umusaruro munini wibihingwa ku isi.Umwe mu bakora inganda zikomeye zo kwambara inkweto zo hejuru, isoko yisi iratera imbere mu cyerekezo cyiterambere.

03 Umuvuduko wo guhinduka mu nganda zihuta wihuse, kandi habaye intambwe mu guhindura imiterere y’ibigo no kwibanda ku nganda.

1. Hamwe no gutangira kwibanda ku nganda no gutsinda mu kinyejana cya 21, amarushanwa ku isoko yarushijeho kwiyongera.Mu rwego rwo gutsimbarara ku iterambere rirambye kandi rihamye ry’imirimo yihuse, umurimo wose utanga ibitekerezo bishya byo guhindura iterambere no kuzamura iterambere mu guhindura, gufata imiterere y’isoko no guhindura imiterere y’ibicuruzwa nkintangiriro yo guteza imbere ihinduka ry’iterambere ry’ubukungu.Kuva kumurongo umwe ukurikirana ibisohoka nibisohoka, kugirango uhindure ubuziranenge nibiranga ingaruka;kuva kuruhande rumwe rukurikirana runini kandi rwuzuye, kugeza ku cyerekezo cyo kunonosorwa, kwihariye, no kwihariye;Kuva ku musaruro ugana ku musaruro ugana serivisi-ishingiye kuri serivisi, kwibanda ku nganda zihuta byagaragaye cyane.Ku ikubitiro, yashizeho amatsinda atatu akomeye yihuta mu nganda za Delta ya Yangtze, Delta ya Pearl River na Bohai Bay Rim.Hashyizweho inganda nyinshi z’inganda nka Yongnian, Ningbo, Wenzhou, Dongguan, Xingtai na Jiaxing, muri zo imigabane ya Yongnian ikaba itageze kuri kimwe cya kabiri cy’ibicuruzwa byinjira mu gihugu.

2. Ibigo biyoboye bigira uruhare runini.Izi sosiyete zihuta mu karere zifite ibice birenga 75% byigihugu cyose, byerekana ko hari ibigo 200 byambere byinjiza amafaranga arenga miliyari 1 nu mishinga 200 yingenzi yinjiza buri mwaka irenga miliyoni 100.Nk’uko bitangazwa na Jiuzheng Building Materials Network, ngo amafaranga yinjira mu bucuruzi buri mwaka muri ibyo bigo agera kuri miliyari zisaga 35 z'amadorari, bingana na 53% by'amafaranga yinjira mu gihugu.Hariho ibigo birenga 4000 hejuru ya gahunda y'akazi, bingana na 85% by'amafaranga yinjira mu gihugu yihuta kandi arenga 40. Amafaranga yinjira mu mahanga buri mwaka ni miliyoni icumi z'amadolari, bingana na 60% by'ibyoherezwa mu mahanga mu mahanga; .Kubwibyo, iterambere ryibigo byayobora bigira uruhare runini.

3. Ibigo bigomba kwihutisha guhanga udushya.Ibigo byihuta bigomba gukurikiza inzira yo guhanga udushya, kwigira ku ikoranabuhanga n’amahanga byateye imbere, kwihutisha guhuza ikoranabuhanga rigezweho n’inganda gakondo, no kunoza inzira y’ibikoresho n’inganda byuzuye.Uruganda kandi rwihutishije umuvuduko wo guhanga udushya mu ikoranabuhanga, kandi rushyiraho itsinda ry’ibisobanuro byihariye, imishinga idasanzwe kandi yihariye, muri yo ikaba ifite imbaraga zidasanzwe zifata 15%, ibicuruzwa bivura ubushyuhe bingana na 60%, nibindi bicuruzwa bingana na 60%; 40%.

4. Hariho ingamba nshya zo gusohoka no kujya kwisi.Hamwe no gukaza umurego mu guhatanira amasoko mu gihugu no hanze yacyo, rwose bizateza imbere kwagura imishinga.Ibigo byihuta bizashora imari mubihugu byamahanga kandi biva hanze yisi.Usibye amaduka gakondo yohereza ibicuruzwa hanze, ibigo byinshi byerekeje amaso kumasoko yo mubihugu bikiri mu nzira y'amajyambere nka Hongiriya, Maleziya, na Indoneziya.

5. Iterambere rishya ryakozwe mu kuvugurura imishinga, ryanateje imbere ivugurura ry’imishinga, nyuma y’ishoramari ry’amahanga ry’inganda.Hamwe nuruvange rwibyiza, kuvugurura ibigo birashobora gukusanya byoroshye inyungu zibi bigo byombi, gushiraho ubufatanye bushya, guteza imbere iterambere ryihuse ryikigo, no gufatanya guteza imbere inganda.Kubifata byugarije urwango rwinshi, ubushobozi bwo kuvugurura ibigo bizagabanya ibikoresho kugirango hongerwe umusaruro numutungo hamwe nintego yo guhuza vertical murwego rwinganda.

04 Menya neza uko ibintu bimeze, uhindure inzibacyuho, uhindure kandi utere imbere

Uhereye ku gukwirakwiza amaduka yihuta mu gihugu cy’Ubushinwa, birashobora kugaragara ko umuvuduko w’ubukungu bw’isi wagabanutse.Inteko rusange ya gatatu ya Kongere y’igihugu ya 18 y’ishyaka rya gikomunisiti ry’Ubushinwa yakoze inzira y’ingamba zo kurushaho kunoza ivugurura.Urukurikirane rw’amahitamo akomeye rwafashwe hagamijwe guteza imbere ubukungu bw’igihugu ndetse n’ubukungu butari ubwa Leta, bwateje imbere iterambere ry’ubukungu bw’igihugu mu cyerekezo cyiza, kandi butanga isoko rishya ry’isoko .Urebye uko ubukungu bwifashe mu gihugu ndetse no hanze yarwo, bushingiye ku isaranganya ryihuse ku isi.Reba, bigomba gushingira ku isoko ryimbere mu gihugu, bigakoresha amahirwe yo kwagura ibyifuzo byimbere mu gihugu, kandi bigahinduka binini kandi bikomeye.Mubikorwa byisoko, duhora duhindura imiterere yibiciro byibicuruzwa, kugirango igiciro cyibicuruzwa byihuta gishobora guhuza nigiciro cyumusaruro, guhuza nisoko ryisi, guhuza ikirango nubwiza.Guteza imbere ihinduka ryibanze ryuburyo bwubukungu bwo kongera imirimo yigihe cyose, uhereye kumurongo umwe ukurikirana umusaruro nibisohoka kugeza ubuziranenge nibirango;uhereye kumurongo umwe wo gukurikirana binini kandi byuzuye kunonosorwa, ubuhanga, ninzobere;kuva ku musaruro-ugana ku bicuruzwa-bishingiye kuri serivisi-ihinduka.Ibikorwa rusange byiziritse bizakomeza gutera imbere bihamye kandi byubuzima bwiza, kuburyo uruganda rwanjye rwihuta rwakomeje gutsimbarara ku buryo bwagutse.Umwaka wa 2014, umusaruro w’ibifunga uzagera kuri toni miliyoni 7, bigatuma inganda zanjye zihuta mu ishyamba ry’isi.